October 6, 2025
The people on the island of Ternate were free from epidemics until the 16th century, when Dutch conquerors destroyed the clove trees that flourished on the islands. Many of the islanders died from the epidemics that followed. Cloves were reputed to be part of the “Marseilles Vinegar” or “Four Thieves Vinegar” that bandits who robbed the dead and dying used to protect themselves during the 15th century plague.
October 5, 2025
Wounds are disruptions in the integrity of the skin or underlying tissues caused by physical, chemical, or biological factors. Wound healing is a complex process involving inflammation, oxidative stress, immune modulation, and tissue regeneration. Effective wound management prevents complications such as infections and promotes faster recovery.
Frankincense essential oil, derived from the resin of the Boswellia tree, has been historically used for its medicinal properties, including wound healing. The oil contains bioactive compounds such as boswellic acids, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. These attributes make it a valuable agent in promoting wound repair. Frankincense essential oil helps reduce inflammation in the wound area, creating an optimal environment for healing. Its antimicrobial effects help prevent infections, while its antioxidant properties combat oxidative stress, which can delay healing.
October 3, 2025
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease stands as the prevailing chronic liver disease on a global scale, encompassing a broad spectrum of liver conditions . Among these, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents a distinct entity characterized by hepatic steatosis of at least 5%, accompanied by inflammation and ballooned hepatocytes, with or without concurrent hepatic fibrosis. If left untreated, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis can advance to liver cirrhosis and, ultimately, hepatocellular carcinoma. The concept of the multiple-hit hypothesis recognizes that environmental factors, such as diet, lifestyle, and gut microbiota, can intricately interact with genetic and epigenetic factors, collectively contributing to the development of liver injury.
September 30, 2025
Dental caries counts among the most widespread chronic diseases, characterized by localized destruction of dental hard tissues. Dental plaque is a microbial biofilm that forms on the tooth surface and contains a complex structure of microorganisms. The metabolic activity of the bacteria in this biofilm is directly linked with the dental caries process.
Tea tree essential oil is an essential oil extracted from steaming the leaves of Melaleuca alternifolia. It is generally accepted that essential oils possess bioactive properties, including antimicrobial properties. Therapeutic properties of the Tea tree oil, including antimicrobial activity, were reported in the early 20th century. Several studies indicated that Tea tree oil is very effective in vitro against a broad range of bacteria, including oral bacteria.
September 27, 2025
Aromatherapy is one of the traditional remedies that uses essential oils extracted from plants based on their scent effects and is currently used in many fields. Aromatherapy is based on the theory that inhaling or absorbing essential oils causes changes within the limbic system, the part of the brain associated with memory and emotion, Aromatherapy stimulates physiological responses in the nervous, endocrine, or immune systems and can affect heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, brain wave activity, and the release of various hormones throughout the body.
