April 30, 2023
Insomnia, a condition that affects 6-20% of the population in different countries, refers to the disturbance of sleep onset, maintenance, or quality. Unlike primary insomnia, secondary insomnia is a sleep disorder caused by underlying medical, neurological, or psychiatric conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases, including depression, Parkinson’s disease (PD, Alzheimer’s disease, or dementia. The behavioral disturbances in dementia patients include insomnia, general tiredness, lethargy, irritability, and concentration or memory problems. The two most common forms of dementia are Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia, characterized by a general loss of neurotransmitters.
Hypnotic drugs such as benzodiazepine are used to manage insomnia. However, prolonged use of these drugs may lead to drug dependence, tolerance, bad sleep, rebound insomnia, deterioration in recognition function, and reduced effect. However, alternative remedies are being employed to overcome these challenges. In aromatherapy, kava-kava, valerian, chamomile, ylang-ylang, melissa, hops, and lavender oils are being used to improve sleep. These oils have mild sleep-inducing effects without negative changes and a low rate of side effects. Hypnotic drugs like benzodiazepines are used as a short-term therapy, whereas EOs can be used for an extended period.